1 লা জানুয়ারি, ২019 থেকে তিন বছরের জন্য মানবাধিকার প্রচার ও পর্যবেক্ষণের অভিযোগে জাতিসংঘের প্রধান সংস্থা জাতিসংঘের মানবাধিকার কাউন্সিলের জন্য ভারত নির্বাচিত হয়েছিল। এই গোপন ব্যালট নির্বাচনে 193 সদস্যের জাতিসংঘ সাধারণ পরিষদের (ইউএনজিএ) ) ভারত এশিয়া-প্রশান্ত মহাসাগরীয় অঞ্চলে 188 টি ভোট পেয়েছে, যা সব প্রার্থীর মধ্যে সর্বোচ্চ ভোট। পাঁচটি আঞ্চলিক বিভাগে মোট 18 টি নতুন সদস্য পরম সংখ্যাগরিষ্ঠ নির্বাচিত হয়েছেন (যেমন গোপন ব্যালট দিয়ে নির্বাচিত হওয়ার জন্য সর্বনিম্ন 97 ভোট প্রয়োজন)। এশিয়া-প্রশান্ত মহাসাগরীয় অঞ্চল থেকে 187 টি এবং ফিজি 187 এবং বাংলাদেশ 178 ভোটও ভারতের সাথে নির্বাচিত হয়েছিল। এটি পঞ্চম বার ইউএনএইচআরসি নির্বাচিত হয়েছিল, পূর্বে 2006-2009, ২011-2014 এবং 2014-2017 নির্বাচিত হয়েছিল।
India was elected to United Nations’ Human Rights Council’, the main body of UN charged with promoting and monitoring human rights for period of three years beginning January 1, 2019. In this secret ballot election held in 193-member UN General Assembly (UNGA) India secured 188 votes in Asia-Pacific category, the highest number of votes among all candidates. Total 18 new members in the five regional categories were elected by absolute majority (i.e. minimum of 97 votes are required to get elected through secret ballot). From Asia-Pacific region category, Fiji with 187 and Bangladesh 178 votes were also elected along with India. This was fifth time India has been elected to UNHRC, previously was elected 2006-2009, 2011-2014 and 2014-2017.United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
UNHRC is an inter-governmental body within United Nations system. It is responsible for strengthening promotion and protection of human rights around globe and for addressing situations of human rights violations and make recommendations on them. It was created by UNGA on 15 March 2006 by adopting resolution 60/251 to promote human rights globally. It had replaced former UN Commission on Human Rights. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
Members: UNHRC is made up of 47 UN member states which are elected by UN General Assembly (UNGA) with specific number of seats allocated for each five region of the globe viz. African States (13 seats), Asia-Pacific States (13 seats), Eastern European States (6 seats), Latin American and Caribbean States (8 seats) and Western European and other States( 7 seats). Members serve for three-year terms and can serve only two terms in a row.
Functions: Members of the council work to engage countries on improving human rights. They make decisions ranging from exposing violations to recommending that UN Security Council make referral to International Criminal Court (ICC). UNHRC does not have authority to take action but can exert significant pressure on violating country. It can also set up special rapporteurs with mandate to investigate and report human-rights violations and abuses.
Note: United States under President Donald Trump Administration had withdrawn from UNHRC earlier this year after it questioned legitimacy of the council because of presence of several dictatorial regimes violating human rights on it.
